大(da)口徑蒸汽保(bao)(bao)溫鋼管(guan)直(zhi)埋敷設(she)與(yu)架(jia)空(kong)(kong)(kong)、地(di)(di)(di)溝(gou)敷設(she)傳熱(re)狀(zhuang)態不同(tong)，架(jia)空(kong)(kong)(kong)敷設(she)是(shi)向無(wu)限空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)傳熱(re)，地(di)(di)(di)溝(gou)敷設(she)是(shi)熱(re)介質(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)過保(bao)(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料、流動(dong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)層、溝(gou)壁等以(yi)(yi)不同(tong)傳熱(re)狀(zhuang)態向周圍(wei)土(tu)壤(rang)傳熱(re)，而直(zhi)埋敷設(she)，簡化講熱(re)介質(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)向周圍(wei)土(tu)壤(rang)按(an)(an)一維穩態傳熱(re)，土(tu)壤(rang)可(ke)視為(wei)保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)一部分。以(yi)(yi)目前國內常用的(de)內滑動(dong)式復合結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)蒸汽保(bao)(bao)溫管(guan)為(wei)例，計算(suan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中先應劃定三個(ge)(ge)界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)。無(wu)機保(bao)(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料與(yu)有機保(bao)(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料接觸(chu)處(chu)(chu)可(ke)視為(wei)一界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，外保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層與(yu)土(tu)壤(rang)接觸(chu)處(chu)(chu)視為(wei)第(di)(di)二界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，地(di)(di)(di)表與(yu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)接觸(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)視為(wei)第(di)(di)三界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。計算(suan)時應先控(kong)制三個(ge)(ge)界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)，一界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)控(kong)制在有機材(cai)(cai)料耐溫能力以(yi)(yi)下；第(di)(di)二界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)應控(kong)制保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層的(de)防腐、防水及機械性能不遭(zao)受大(da)幅度(du)衰減或破壞(huai)；第(di)(di)三界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)則控(kong)制不會(hui)因界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)升高(gao)(gao)而使得(de)管(guan)道周圍(wei)土(tu)壤(rang)熱(re)阻值(zhi)提高(gao)(gao)，從而造成一、二界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫度(du)升高(gao)(gao)破壞(huai)保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)在保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)計算(suan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，應校核(he)當地(di)(di)(di)極(ji)高(gao)(gao)、極(ji)低環境溫度(du)的(de)影響(xiang)，必(bi)要(yao)時應適(shi)當調(diao)整保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)各層保(bao)(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料的(de)厚度(du)，以(yi)(yi)確保(bao)(bao)保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安全。同(tong)時，計算(suan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中不能簡單地(di)(di)(di)按(an)(an)架(jia)空(kong)(kong)(kong)管(guan)道保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)或按(an)(an)中公(gong)式進行計算(suan)，而應結(jie)(jie)合節能50％，管(guan)網輸送效率提高(gao)(gao)到(dao)大(da)于90％的(de)要(yao)求。

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